般若波羅蜜多心經 [py] Pánruò bōluómìduō xīnjīng [wg] Po-jo po-lo-mi-t'o hsin ching [ko] 반약파라밀다심경 Panya p'aramilda simgyŏng [ja] ハンニャハラミッタシンギョウ Hannya haramitta shingyō ||| Panruo boluomiduo xinjing; the Heart Sutra. A very short Mahāyāna sutra that contains a terse articulation of the meaning of emptiness. Of the seven Chinese translations, by far the most popular are the renditions by Kumārajīva 鳩摩羅什 and Xuanzang 玄奘. Very popular in China, Korea and Japan, this version has been chanted daily throughout East Asia by clerics and laypeople for over a thousand years. There are many English translations. Usually referred to by the short title of 心經. T 251.8.848c.
梵名 Prajñāpāramitā-hrdaya-sūtra。全一卷。全稱摩訶般若波羅蜜多心經。略稱般若心經、心經。玄奘譯。收於大正藏第八冊。心(梵 hrdaya),指心臟,含有精要、心髓等意。本經係將內容龐大之般若經濃縮,成為表現「般若皆空」精神之簡潔經典。全經舉出五蘊、三科、十二因緣、四諦等法以總述諸法皆空之理。「色即是空,空即是色」一語,即是出自本經。本經之異譯本有六,即摩訶般若波羅蜜大明咒經(鳩摩羅什)、般若波羅蜜多那提經(菩提流支)、般若波羅蜜多心經(般若、利言)、普遍智藏般若波羅蜜多心經(法月)、般若波羅蜜多心經(智慧輪)、聖佛母般若波羅蜜多經(施護),其中以鳩摩羅什譯較著。然諸譯本中,仍以本經流傳最廣遠。
本經之梵本,今日本法隆寺有祕藏本,一八八四年由麥克斯穆勒(Max Myller)與南條文雄共同校訂出版,一八九四年麥克斯穆勒更將之英譯出版。此外,一八六四年英國佛教學學者比爾(Samuel, Beal)亦將玄奘所譯之般若心經譯成英文出版。另有將梵文以漢字音譯者,稱唐梵翻對字音般若波羅蜜多心經,與玄奘本相當,係史坦因發現於敦煌石窟者,為佛教學術之重要資料。本經之註疏本極多,較重要者有般若波羅蜜多心經幽贊(窺基)、般若波羅蜜多心經贊(圓測)、般若波羅蜜多心經略疏(法藏)、般若波羅蜜多心經疏(慧淨)等。〔大唐內典錄卷二、卷五、開元釋教錄卷四、卷八、卷九、卷十一、卷十四、歷代三寶紀卷四〕