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attan

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Attan (m.) & atta (the latter is the form used in compn.) [Vedic ātman, not to Gr. a)\nemos = Lat. animus, but to Gr. a)tmo/s steam, Ohg. ātum breath, Ags. aepm]. -- I. Inflection. (1) of attan -- (n. stem); the foll. cases are the most freq.: acc. attānaŋ D i.13, 185; S i.24; Sn 132, 451. -- gen. dat. attano Sn 334, 592 etc., also as abl. A iii.337 (attano ca parato ca as regards himself and others). -- instr. abl. attanā S i.24; Sn 132, 451; DhA ii.75; PvA 15, 214 etc. On use of attanā see below iii.1 C. -- loc. attani S v.177; A i.149 (attanī metri causa); ii.52 (anattani); iii.181; M i.138; Sn 666, 756, 784; Vbh 376 (an˚). -- (2) of atta -- (a -- stem) we find the foll. cases: acc. attaŋ Dh 379. -- instr. attena S iv.54. -- abl. attato S i.188; Ps i.143; ii.48; Vbh 336.
  Meanings. 1. The soul as postulated in the animistic theories held in N India in the 6th and 7th cent. B. C. It is described in the Upanishads as a small creature, in shape like a man, dwelling in ordinary times in the heart. It escapes from the body in sleep or trance; when it returns to the body life and motion reappear. It escapes from the body at death, then continues to carry on an everlasting life of its own. For numerous other details see Rh. D. Theory of Soul in the Upanishads JR A S 1899. Bt. India 251 -- 255. Buddhism repudiated all such theories, thus differing from other religions. Sixteen such theories about the soul D i.31. Seven other theories D i.34. Three others D i.186/7. A ʻ soul ʼ according to general belief was some thing permanent, unchangeable, not affected by sorrow S iv.54 = Kvu 67; Vin i.14; M i.138. See also M i.233; iii.265, 271; S ii.17, 109; iii.135; A i.284; ii.164, 171; v.188; S iv.400. Cp. ātuman, tuma, puggala, jīva, satta, pāṇa and nāma -- rūpa.
  2. Oneself, himself, yourself. Nom. attā, very rare. S i.71, 169; iii.120; A i.57, 149 (you yourself know whether that is true or false. Cp. Manu viii.84. Here attā comes very near to the European idea of conscience. But conscience as a unity or entity is not accepted by Buddhism) Sn 284; Dh 166, 380; Miln 54 (the image, outward appearance, of oneself). Acc. attānaŋ S i.44 (would not give for himself, as a slave) A i.89; Sn 709. Acc. attaŋ Dh 379. Abl. attato as oneself S i.188; Ps i.143; ii.48; Vbh 336. Loc. attani A i.149; iii.181; Sn 666, 784. Instr. attanā S i.57 = Dh 66; S i.75; ii.68; A i.53; iii.211; iv.405; Dh 165. On one's own account, spontaneously S iv.307; v.354; A i.297; ii.99, 218; iii.81; J i.156; PvA 15, 20. In composition with numerals attadutiya himself and one other D ii.147; ˚catuttha with himself as fourth M i.393; A iii.36; ˚pañcama Dpvs viii.2; ˚sattama J i.233; ˚aṭṭhama VvA 149 (as atta -- naṭṭhama Vv 3413), & ˚aṭṭhamaka Miln 291.
  anattā (n. and predicative adj.) not a soul, without a soul. Most freq. in combn. with dukkha & anicca -- (1) as noun: S iii.141 (˚anupassin); iv.49; v.345 (˚saññin); A ii.52 = Ps ii.80 (anattani anattā; opp. to anattani attā, the opinion of the micchādiṭṭhigatā sattā); Dh 279; Ps ii.37, 45 sq. (˚anupassanā), 106 (yaŋ aniccañ ca dukkhañ ca taŋ anattā); DhA iii. 406 (˚lakkhaṇa). -- (2) as adj. (pred.): S iv.152 sq.; S iv.166; S iv.130 sq., 148 sq.; Vin i.13 = S iii.66 = Nd2 680 Q 1; S iii.20 sq.; 178 sq., 196 sq.; sabbe dhammā anattā Vin v.86; S iii.133; iv.28, 401.
   -- attha one's own profit or interest Sn 75; Nd2 23; J iv.56, 96; otherwise as atta -- d -- attha, e. g. Sn 284. -- atthiya looking after one's own needs Th 1, 1097. -- âdhipaka master of oneself, self -- mastered A i.150. -- adhipateyya selfdependence, self -- reliance, independence A i.147. -- âdhīna independent D i.72. -- ânudiṭṭhi speculation about souls S iii.185; iv.148; A iii.447; Sn 1119; Ps i.143; Vbh 368; Miln 146. -- ânuyogin one who concentrates his attention on himself Dh 209; DhA iii.275. -- ânuvāda blaming oneself A ii.121; Vbh 376. -- uññā self -- humiliation Vbh 353 (+ att -- avaññā). -- uddesa relation to oneself Vin iii.149 (= attano atthāya), also ˚ika ibid. 144. -- kata self -- made S i.134 (opp. para˚). -- kāma love of self A ii.21; adj. a lover of "soul", one who cares for his own soul S i.75. -- kāra individual self, fixed individuality, oneself (cp. ahaŋkāra) D i.53 (opp. para˚); A iii 337 (id.) DA i.160; as nt. at J v.401 in the sense of service (self -- doing", slavery) (attakārāni karonti bhattusu). -- kilamatha self -- mortification D iii.113; S iv.330; v.421; M iii.230. -- garahin self -- censuring Sn 778. -- gutta selfguarded Dh 379. -- gutti watchfulness as regards one's self, self -- care A ii.72. -- ghañña self -- destruction Dh 164. -- ja proceeding from oneself Dh 161 (pāpa). -- ñū knowing oneself A iv.113, cp. D iii.252. -- (n)tapa self -- mortifying, self -- vexing D iii.232 = A ii.205 (opp. paran˚); M i.341, 411; ii.159; Pug 55, 56. -- daṇḍa see atta1. -- danta selfrestrained, self -- controlled Dh 104, 322. -- diṭṭhi speculation concerning the nature of the soul Nd1 107; SnA 523, 527. -- dīpa relying on oneself, independent, founded on oneself (+ attasaraṇa, opp. añña˚) D ii.100 = iii.42; S v.154; Sn 501 (= attano guṇe eva attano dīpaŋ katvā SnA 416). -- paccakkha only in instr. ˚ena by or with his own presence, i. e. himself J v.119. -- paccakkhika eye -- witness J v.119. -- paccatthika hostile to oneself Vin ii.94, 96. -- paṭilābha acquisition of a personality D i.195 (tayo: oḷārika, manomaya, arūpa). -- paritāpana self -- chastisement, mortification D iii.232 = A ii.205; M i.341; PvA 18, 30. -- parittā charm (protection) for oneself Vin ii.110. -- paribhava disrespect for one's own person Vbh 353. -- bhāva one's own nature (1) person, personality, individuality, living creature; form, appearance [cp. Dhs trsl. LXXI and BSk. ātmabhāva body Divy 70, 73 (˚pratilambha), 230; Sp. Av. Ś i.162 (pratilambha), 167, 171] Vin ii.238 (living beings, forms); S v.442 (bodily appearance); A i.279 (oḷārika a substantial creature); ii.17 (creature); DhA ii.64, 69 (appearance); SnA 132 (personality). -- (2) life, rebirth A i.134 sq.; iii.412;DhA ii.68; PvA 8, 15, 166 (atītā ˚ā former lives). ˚ŋ pavatteti to lead a life, to live PvA 29, 181. Thus in cpd. paṭilābha assumption of an existence, becoming reborn as an individual Vin ii.185; iii.105; D iii.231; M iii.46; S ii.255, 272, 283; iii.144; A ii.159, 188; iii.122 sq. -- (3) character, quality of heart Sn 388 (= citta SnA 374); J i.61. -- rūpa "of the form of self", self -- like only in instr. ˚ena as adv. by oneself, on one's own account, for the sake of oneself S iv.97; A ii.120. -- vadha self -- destruction S ii.241; A ii.73. -- vāda theory of (a persistent) soul D iii.230; M i.66; D ii.58; S ii.3, 245 sq.; iii.103, 165, 203; iv.1 sq., 43 sq., 153 sq.; Ps i.156 sq.; Vbh 136, 375. For var. points of an "attavādic" doctrine see Index to Saŋyutta Nikāya. -- vyābādha personal harm or distress self -- suffering, one's own disaster (opp. para˚) M i 369; S iv.339 = A i.157; A ii.179. -- vetana supporting oneself, earning one's own living Sn 24. -- sañcetanā self -- perception, self -- consciousness (opp. para˚) D iii.231; A ii.159. -- sambhava originating from one's self S i.70; A iv.312; Dh 161 (pāpa); Th 1, 260. -- sambhūta arisen from oneself Sn 272. -- sammāpaṇidhi thorough pursuit or development of one's personality A ii.32; Sn 260, cp. KhA 132. -- saraṇa see ˚dipa. -- sukha happiness of oneself, self -- success Dpvs i.66, cp. ii.11. -- hita personal welfare one's own good (opp. para˚) D iii.233; A ii.95 sq. -- hetu for one's own sake, out of self -- consideration Sn 122; Dh 328.