Cīvara.-A teacher in Burma who wrote a tika to Janghadāsa (sic) (Gv.64). Elsewhere (Gv.67, 74) the same work is ascribed to Vajira.
cīvara
(Sanskrit; Pāli). The robes worn by a Buddhist monk, and the first of a monk's four traditional requirements (niśraya). The earliest robes were made of rectangular pieces of cotton cloth and typically three were worn: an inner robe, from the waist to the knee; an upper robe around the torso and shoulders; and an outer robe used as an overgarment. Monks are instructed never to enter a village without wearing all three. New robes are traditionally donated by the laity in the kaṭhina ceremony. In the early Indian orders, and in contemporary south-east Asia, a reddish-yellow colour is preferred. This is called kasāya or kasāva in the Pāli sources, or kaṣāya in Sanskrit, and is often translated into English as saffron or ochre. Elsewhere in Asia there is much variation. In Tibet the robes are maroon; in China and Korea, brown, grey, and blue, and in Japan, black or grey.
cīvara : [nt.] the yellow robe (of a Buddhist monk).
Cīvara (nt.) [*Sk. cīvara, prob.=cīra, appld orig. to a dress of bark] the (upper) robe of a Buddhist mendicant. C. is the first one of the set of 4 standard requisites of a wandering bhikkhu, vir. c˚, piṇḍapāta alms-bowl, senāsana lodging, a place to sleep at, gilānapaccaya -- bhesajja -- parikkhāra medicinal appliances for use in sickness. Thus mentioned passim e. g. Vin iii.89, 99, 211; iv.154 sq.; D i.61; M ii.102; A i.49; Nd2 s. v.; It 111. In abbreviated form Sn 339; PvA 7; Sdhp 393. In starting on his begging round the bhikkhu goes patta -- cīvaraŋ ādāya, The 3 robes are sanghāṭi, uttarāsaṅga, antaravāsaka, given thus, e.g. at Vin i.289. that is literally ʻ taking his bowl & robe. ʼ But this is an elliptical idiom meaning ʻ putting on his outer robe and taking his bowl. ʼ A bhikkhu never goes into a village without wearing all his robes, he never takes them, or any one of the three, with him. Each of the three is simply an oblong piece of cloth (usually cotton cloth). On the mode of wearing these three robes see the note at Dialogues ii.145. -- Vin iii.11; D ii.85; Sn p. 21; PvA 10, 13 & passim. The sewing of the robe was a festival for the laity (see under kaṭhina). There are 6 kinds of cloth mentioned for its manufacture, viz. khoma, kappāsika, koseyya, kambala, sāṇa, bhanga Vin. i.58=96=281 (cp. ˚dussa). Two kinds of robes are distinguished: one of the gahapatika (layman) a white one, and the other that of the bhikkhu, the c. proper, called paŋsukūlaŋ c. "the dust -- heap robe" Vin v.117 (cp. gahapati). -- On cīvara in general & also on special ordinances concerning its making, wearing & handling see Vin i.46, 49 sq., 196, 198, 253 sq., 285, 287 sq., 306=ii.267 (of var. colours); ii.115 sq. (sibbati to sew the c.); iii.45, 58 (theft of a c.), 195 -- 223, 254 -- 266; iv.59 -- 62, 120 -- 123, 173, 279 sq., 283 (six kinds). -- A iii.108 (cīvare kalyāṇakāma); v.100, 206; Vism 62; It 103; PvA 185. -- Sīse cīvaraŋ karoti to drape the outer robe over the head Vin ii.207, 217; ˚ŋ khandhe karoti to drape it over the back Vin ii.208, 217; ˚ŋ nikkhipati to lay it down or put it away Vin i.47 sq.; ii.152, 224; iii.198, 203, 263; ˚ŋ saŋharati to fold it up Vin i.46. -- Var. expressions referring to the use of the robe: atireka˚ an extra robe Vin iii.195; acceka˚ id. Vin iii.260 sq.; kāla˚ (& akāla˚) a robe given at (and outside) the specified time Vin iii.202 sq.; iv.284, 287; gahapati˚ a layman's r. Vin iii.169, 171; ti˚ the three robes, viz. sanghāṭī, uttarāsanga, antaravāsaka Vin i.288, 289; iii.11, 195, 198 sq.; v.142; adj. tecīvarika wearing 3 rs. Vin v.193; dubbala˚ (as adj.) with a worn -- out c. Vin iii.254; iv.59, 154, 286; paŋsukūla˚ the dust -- heap robe PvA 141; sa˚ -- bhatta food given with a robe Vin iv.77; lūkha˚ (adj.) having a coarse robe Vin i.109 (+duccola); iii.263 (id.); A i.25; vihāra˚ a robe to be used in the monastery Vin iii.212.
-- kaṇṇa the lappet of a monk's robe DhA iii.420; VvA 76=DhA iii.106, cp. cīvarakarṇaka Av.Ś ii.184, & ˚ika Divy 239, 341, 350. -- kamma (nt.) robe -- making Vin ii.218; iii.60, 240; iv.118, 151; A v.328 sq.; DhA iii.342; PvA 73, 145. -- kāra ( -- samaya) (the time of) sewing the robes Vin iii.256 sq. -- kāla ( -- samaya) the right time for accepting robes Vin iii.261; iv.286, 287; -- dāna ( -- samaya) (the ime for) giving robes Vin iv.77, 99; -- dussa clothing -- material Vin iv.279, 280; -- nidāhaka putting on the c. Vin i.284; -- paṭiggāhaka the receiver of a robe Vin i.283; ii.176; v.205; A iii.274 sq.; -- paṭivisa a portion of the c. Vin i.263, 285, 301; -- palibodha an obstacle to the valid performance of the kathina ceremony arising from a set of robes being due to a particular person [a technical term of the canon law. See Vinaya Texts ii.149, 157, 169]. It is one of the two kaṭhinassa palibodhā (c. & āvāsa˚) Vin i.265; v.117, cp. 178; -- paviveka (nt.) the seclusion of the robe, i. e. of a non -- Buddhist with two other pavivekāni (piṇḍapāta˚ & senāsana˚) at A i.240; -- bhanga the distribution of robes Vin iv.284; -- bhatta robes & a meal (given to the bh.) Vin iii.265; -- bhājaka one who deals out the robes Vin i.285; ii.176; v.205; A iii.274 sq. (cp. ˚paṭiggāhaka); -- bhisī a robe rolled up like a pillow Vin i.287 sq.; -- rajju (f.) a rope for (hanging up) the robes; in the Vinaya always combd with ˚vaŋsa (see below); -- lūkha (adj.) one who is poorly dressed Pug 53; -- vaŋsa a bamboo peg for hanging up a robe (cp. ˚rajju) Vin i.47, 286; ii.117, 121, 152, 153, 209, 222; iii.59; J i.9; DhA iii.342; -- sankamanīya (nt.) a robe that ought to be handed over (to its legal owner) Vin iv.282; 283.
cīvara: n. 衣
na bza'
[translation-san] {LCh} cīvara
[translation-san] {C} nivasana
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} clothing; dress; clothes
[translation-eng] {C} undergarment
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