jīva: life, vital principle, individual soul. 'Soul (life) and body are identical' and 'Soul and body are different', these two frequently quoted wrong views fall under the 2 kinds of personality-belief (sakkāya-diṭṭhi; s. diṭṭhi), i.e. the first one under the annihilation-belief (uccheda-diṭṭhi) and the second under the eternity-belief (sassata-diṭṭhi).
"Verily, if one holds the view that the soul (life) is identical with the body, in that case a holy life is not possible; or if one holds the view that the soul (life) is something quite different, also in that case a holy life is impossible. Both these extremes the Perfect One has avoided and shown the Middle Doctrine, which says: 'On ignorance depend the kamma-formations, on the kamma-formations depends consciousness', etc." (S. XII. 35).
jīva : [m.] the life.
Jīva1 (adj. -- n.) [Sk. jīva, Idg. *gṷīṷos=Gr. bi/os, Lat. vīvus, Goth. quius, Ohg. queck, E. quick, Lith. gyvas] 1. the soul. Sabbe jīvā all the souls, enumd with sattā pāṇā bhūta in the dialect used by the followers of Gosāla D i.53 (=DA i.161 jīvasaññī). "taŋ jīvaŋ taŋ sarīraŋ udāhu aññaŋ j. aññaŋ s." (is the body the soul, or is the body one thing and the soul another?) see D i.157, 188; ii.333, 336, 339; S iv.392 sq.; M i.157, 426 sq.; A ii.41. -- Also in this sense at Miln 30, 54, 86. -- Viniv.34; S iii.215, 258 sq.; iv.286; v.418; A v.31, 186, 193. -- 2. life, in yāvajīvaŋ as long as life lasts, for life, during (his) lifetime D iii.133; Vin i.201; Dh 64; J ii.155; PvA 76.
-- gāhaŋ (adv.) taken alive, in phrase j.˚ gaṇhāti or gaṇhāpeti S i.84; J i.180; ii.404; cp. karamara; -- loka the animate creation J iii.394; -- sūla "life -- pale," a stake for execution J ii.443; -- sokin (=sokajīvin) leading a life of sorrow J vi.509.
Jīva2 (nt.) the note of the jīvaka bird Sum. V. on D iii.201.
jīva: I. a.n. 靈魂 II. a.n. 活命 III. [jīvati活命(imp.)]
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