梵語 icchantika 或 ecchantika 之音譯。又作一闡底迦、一顛迦、一闡提柯、闡提。另有阿顛底迦、阿闡提或阿闡底迦等詞，當為一闡提同類語之訛音。此語原意為「正有欲求之人」，故譯為斷善根、信不具足、極欲、大貪、無種性、燒種，即指斷絕一切善根、無法成佛者。入楞伽經卷二分闡提為二，即：(一)斷善闡提，即本來即缺解脫因者（斷善根）。(二)大悲闡提，又作菩薩闡提，即菩薩本著救度一切眾生之悲願，而故意不入涅槃者。又大莊嚴論經卷一中，亦有二說，即：(一)有性闡提，借助佛力，終可成佛者。(二)無性闡提，無論至何時，皆不得成佛者。此外，在成唯識論掌中樞要卷上，則立有斷善闡提、大悲闡提和無性闡提三者之說。其中，斷善闡提乃屬有性闡提一類。一闡提發心至難，有若天生之盲人難以治癒，故喻為生盲闡提。昔時，道生主張「闡提成佛」之說，遭受守舊僧徒之抨擊，直至曇無讖譯出大般涅槃經後，此類說法乃漸被接受。然法相宗仍主張有不能成佛之眾生存在；天台、華嚴及其他大乘諸宗，則主張一切眾生皆能成佛。故一闡提能否成佛，猶為教界爭論之問題。〔北本涅槃經卷九、大乘阿毘達磨雜集論卷五、華嚴經疏卷二、玄應音義卷二十三〕
一闡提 (icchantika). A transliteration of the Sanskrit term icchantika. Also translated into Chinese as duanshangen 斷善根 'one who has cut off the good roots' and xinbujuzu 信不具足 'lacking in the necessary faith.' A person whose roots of goodness are cut off and therefore cannot be saved. Someone who cannot attain enlightenment no matter how strenuously they practice. The term icchan originally refers to someone who is in a continual state of craving. In India the term refers to an Epicurean or a secularist. In Buddhism it refers to someone who lacks the basic causes and conditions for becoming a Buddha. The theory of the existence of such people was taught by the Yogacara school. Buddhist schools such as Tiantai 天台, Huayan 華嚴 etc., disagreed with this theory, teaching that all beings can become buddhas. This becomes the source of debate in later East Asian Buddhism, and is discussed at length in the "Buddha-nature Treatise" (佛性論).
一闡提迦的簡稱，是極難成佛的意思。有二種：起大邪見，斷一切善根者，名斷善闡提。大悲菩薩，發願眾生度盡，方成佛道，而眾生至多，故亦成佛無期者，名大悲闡提。
（術語）Iccha%ntika，為無成佛之性者。舊稱，一闡提。譯言不信。是不信佛法之義。涅槃經五曰：「無信之人，名一闡提。一闡提者，名不可治。」同五曰：「一闡提者，斷滅一切諸善根本，心不攀緣一切善法。」同十九曰：「一闡提者，不信因果，無有慚愧，不信業報，不見現及未來世，不親善友，不隨諸佛所說教戒。如是之人，名一闡提，諸佛世尊，所不能治。」同二十六曰：「一闡名信，提名不具，不具信故，名一闡提。」涅槃經疏十曰：「古來云：闡提具含眾惡，不知的翻，唯河西翻為極欲，言極愛欲之邊，此即於總惡之內，取一事為翻。例如涅槃名含眾德，亦無的翻，而翻為滅度者，亦是總中取此一事為翻。」新稱，一闡底迦，譯曰樂欲，樂生死之義。【參見: 「阿顛底迦」】。又作一顛迦。楞嚴經六曰：「是一顛迦銷滅佛種，如人以刀斷多羅木。」長水之義疏曰：「一顛迦，即斷善根者。」
梵語一闡提，華言信不具。謂此人撥無因果，顛倒邪見，不信現在未來業報，不親善友知識，不聽諸佛所說教誡，當墮地獄，無有出期。如世重病，終難治也。
icchantika, tamo-bhūyiṣṭha, duṣkuha
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