九山 [py] jiu3shān [wg] chiu-shan [ko] 구산 kusan [ja] クサン kyūsan ||| {I}Nine mountains. Originally an appellation for the early schools of Korean Sŏn which were established in connection with nine different mountain monasteries. These were: (1) the Kaji-san school (迦智山), established at Porim sa (寶林寺) under the influence of Toŭi (道義; d. 825) and his grand-student Ch'ejing (體澄; 804-890). Toŭi studied in China under Zhizang (智藏; 735-814) and Baizhang (百丈; 749-814). (2) The Sŏngju san (聖住山) school, established by Muyŏm (無染; 800-888) who received his inga 印可 from Magu Baoche (麻谷寶徹; b. 720?). (3) The Silsang san (實相山) school, founded by Hongch'ŏk (洪陟; fl. 830), who also studied under Zhizang. (4) The Hŭiyang san (曦陽山) school, founded by Pŏmnang and Chisŏn Tohŏn (智詵道憲; 824-882), who was taught by a Korean teacher of the Mazu transmission. (5) The Pongnim san (鳳林山) school, established by Wŏngam Hyŏn'uk (圓鑑玄昱; 787-869) and his student Simhŭi (審希, fl. 9c). Hyŏn'uk was a student of Zhangjing Huaihui (章敬懷暉; 748-835). (6) The Tongni san (桐裡山) school, established by Hyech'ŏl (慧徹; 785-861) who was a student of Chih-tsang. (7) The Sagul san (闍崛山) school, established by Pŏmil (梵日; 810-889), who studied in China with Yanguan Qian (鹽官齊安; 750?-842) and Yueshan Weiyan (樂山惟嚴; ). (8) The Saja san (獅子山) school, established by Toyun (道允; 797-868), who studied under Nanjuan puyuan (南泉普願; 748-835).(9) the Sumi-san school (須彌山) founded by Iŏm (利嚴; 869-936), which had developed from the Caotong (曹洞) lineage.
The term Kusan in Korea also becomes a general rubric for "all the Sŏn schools," holding such connotations down to the present. {II} The name of a recent Sŏn master, who was the abbot of Songgwangsa monastery.

[Dictionary References] Naka255c [Credit] cmuller(entry)