使  (1) Defilements, contaminants, affliction, proclivities--since proclivities "cause" people to do various things. (2) Latent afflictions = 隨眠. (3) In the Shidi piposuo lun, the 使 are identified as fundamental afflictions 根本煩惱, as distinguished from the 垢, which are identified as secondary afflictions 隨煩惱. (4) The ninety-eight proclivities 九十八使. (5) If, supposing that.

To send; cause; a messenger; a pursuer, molester, lictor, disturber, troubler, intp. as 煩惱 kleśa, affliction, distress, worldly cares, vexations, and as consequent reincarnation. There are categories of 10, 16, 98, 112, and 128 such troublers, e. g. desire, hate, stupor, pride, doubt, erroneous views, etc., leading to painful results in future rebirths, for they are karma-messengers executing its purpose. Also 金剛童子 q. v.

煩惱之異名。全稱正使。因煩惱驅使吾人流轉於迷之世界（生死），故稱煩惱為使。與隨眠同義。於十隨眠中，屬見性者為有身見、邊執見、邪見、見取見、戒禁取見等五見，其推求道理之性質較為猛利，故稱五利使；其餘之貪、瞋、癡、慢、疑之性質，則較遲鈍而難以制伏，故稱五鈍使。（參閱「五利使」1096、「五鈍使」1164、「正使」1988、「隨眠」6351）

煩惱的別名，因煩惱能使眾生流落於生死。見十使條。

1.煩惱或潛在的煩惱趨勢，另譯為「隨眠」（名詞）。2.役使、束縛；為煩惱所驅使、束縛（動詞）。