DICTIONARY

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Definition[1]

When the Buddha died, of the eight śāla trees surrounding him four are said to have withered while four continued in full leaf— a sign that the four doctrines of 苦 suffering, 空 the void, 無常 impermanence, and 無我 impersonality were to perish and those of 常 permanence, 葉 joy, 我 personality, and 淨 purity, the transcendent bodhisattva doctrines, were to flourish.

Source
A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms, William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous
Definition[2]

四枯四榮===(譬喻)佛於拘尸那城Kusinagara娑羅S/a%la雙樹間入滅時,東西南北各有雙樹,每面雙樹,一榮一枯,故曰四枯四榮,此有二重之意:一表凡夫二乘之八倒,二為表二乘菩薩之八正也。凡夫二乘之八倒者,謂凡夫於世間苦空無常無我之法,起常樂我淨之見,是為凡夫之四倒,故譬之以四榮,又二乘向涅槃常樂我淨之法,起苦空無常無我之見,是為二乘之四倒,譬之以四枯。故止觀曰:「八顛倒轉成四枯四榮。」二乘於世間之法,起苦空無常無我之見,是四正見,譬之以四枯,是破凡夫之四倒。菩薩向涅槃之法,起常樂我淨之見,是四正見,譬之以四榮,是破二乘之四倒。此八正為佛之入處,故止觀九又曰:「亦是非枯(非二乘之四枯),非榮(非凡夫之四榮),中間入涅槃見佛性也。」同七曰:「如是念處,力用廣博。義兼大小,俱破八倒。雙顯榮枯,雙非榮枯。即於中間入般涅槃,亦是坐道場。」同輔行曰:「言枯榮者,大經云:東方雙者喻常無常,南方雙者喻樂無樂,西方雙者喻我無我,北方雙者喻淨不淨。四方各雙,故名雙樹。方而皆悉一枯一榮,榮喻於常等,枯喻無常等。如來於中入般涅槃,表非枯非榮,榮即表假,枯即表空,即是於其空假中間而入秘密藏。」

Source
丁福保《佛學大辭典》
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