因明入正理論 [py] Yīnmíng rùzhènglĭ lùn [wg] Yin-ming ju-cheng-li lun [ko] 인명입정리론 Inmyŏng ipchŏngni ron [ja] インミョウニッショウリロン Immyō nisshōri ron ||| The Yinming ruzhengli lun, Nyāyapraveśa (Introduction to Logic); by Śaṅkarasvāmin 商羯羅主1 fasc, T 1630 32.11-13.Translated by Xuanzang 玄奘 in 647 at Hongfu Monastery. The first Indian Logic 因明text ever translated into Chinese. It offers an overview of Dignāga's 陣那 logic. Ten monks wrote commentaries on this text that were incommensurate. A Court Taoist, Lü Tsai, wrote his own, applying yin-yang and Chinese cosmological principles, which outraged the Buddhists, leading to a crisis in the capitol that only dissipated once Xuanzang, questioned by the Emperor, confirmed that Lü's commentary was erroneous. English translation with Sanskrit text in Musashi.
Nyāyapraveśa; a treatise on logic by 商羯羅主 Saṅkarasvāmin, follower of Dignāga, tr. by Xuanzang in 1 juan, on which there are numerous commentaries and works.
梵名 Nyāya-praveśa。全一卷。印度商羯羅主造,唐代玄奘譯於貞觀二十一年(647)八月。又稱入正理論。收於大正藏第三十二冊。作者商羯羅主係陳那論師之弟子,其因陳那所著之「因明正理門論」深奧難解,故簡明綜括上書之要旨,並加入自創之論說,而成一書,以做為後學入於因明正理之階梯。內容分述真能立、似能立、真能破、似能 破、真現量、似現量、真比量、似比量等八門之義。其中,真能立、似能立二門為本論之主要部分,甚他六門則略說。真能立一門,專門說明宗(命題)、因(理由)、喻(譬喻)等三支,似能立一門則舉出三十三過。
本論與「因明正理門諭」(略稱正理門論)相異之處,除略去正理門論之「九句因」,而舉出「因三相」外,更用大半篇幅詳細解釋因明三支之各種過失,而舉出宗九過、因十四過、喻十過,共計三十三過。又本論因主旨簡明扼要,故自古以來較正理門論廣為世人所研究、講習。
本論之注釋書有多種,於第九世紀以後,印度耆那教徒曾為本論作注釋;玄奘漢譯後,神泰、靖邁、窺基等亦為之作注,其中尤以玄奘之弟子窺基所作「因明入正理論疏」(收於大正藏第四十四冊),注釋最為詳細,對中國、日本因明學之研究,影響甚大。〔開元釋教錄卷八、至元法寶勘同總錄卷九〕
nyāya-praveśa.
===(書名)陳那之弟子,商羯羅主著,唐玄奘譯,一卷。明真能立,真能破,真現量,真比量,似能立,似能破,似現量,似比量之八門,而辯自悟悟他之兩益者。本論各家之註解如下:因明入正理門論述記一卷,唐神泰述,不全。因明入正理論疏三卷,唐交軌述,佚中下二卷。因明入正理論疏六卷,唐窺基撰。因明入正理論義斷一卷,唐慧沼述。因明入正理論義纂要一卷,唐慧沼集。因明入正理論續疏二卷,唐慧沼述,佚上卷。因明入正理論疏前記三卷,唐智周撰。因明入正理論疏後記三卷,唐智周撰,下卷不全。因明入正理論疏鈔略記一卷。唐智周撰。因明入正理論解一卷,明真界集解。因明入正理論集解一卷,明王肯堂集釋。因明入正理論直解一卷,明智旭述,相宗八要解第一。因明入正理論直疏一卷,明明昱疏,相宗八要解第六。因明論疏瑞源記八卷,鳳潭著。