DICTIONARY

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Definition[1]

羯磨 [py] jiémó [wg] chieh-mo [ko] 갈마 kalma [ja] カツマ コンマ katsuma kyarama konma ||| (1) [katsuma kyarama] A transription of the Sanskrit karman, therefore deed, action, activity (業、作、事). (2) A ceremony in which one vows to observe the precepts. (3) A ceremony in which one confesses one's transgressions of the rules of discipline. (4) [konma] Proceedings, ritual or ceremony performed by an authoritative clerical group. In the above four senses, it is usually a technical term used by the Vinaya schools. (5) An abbreviation of the esoteric school technical term 羯磨金剛.

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[Dictionary References] Naka182a Naka226a Naka428a ZGD276a ZGD369b Iwa125 Iwa296 JE166a/183 JE178a/197 Yo390fks6137 DFB [Credit] cmuller(entry)
Definition[2]

karma; action, work, deed, performance, service, 'duty'; religious action, moral duty; especially a meeting of the monks for the purpose of ordination, or for the confession of sins and absolution, or for expulsion of the unrepentant. There are numerous kinds of karma, or assemblies for such business, ordinarily requiring the presence of four monks, but others five, ten, or twenty. Cf. 業 for definition of karma, deeds or character as the cause of future conditions; also 五蘊 for karma as the fourth skandha.

Source
A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms, William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous
Definition[3]

華譯作業,即作授戒懺悔等事業的一種宣告儀式,由此宣告儀式的宣告文,而成就所作之業。

Source
陳義孝編, 竺摩法師鑑定, 《佛學常見辭彙》
Definition[4]

karman; karmatā, karma-vācana, karma-vācanā, karmanta, saṃmati, saṃmuti .

Source
佛教漢梵大辭典
Page
P.2931
Definition[5]

如四種羯磨中說。

Source
朱芾煌《法相辭典》字庫
Definition[6]

亦名:業、所作、辦事、劍暮

子題:生善事、滅惡事、生善之極勿過受體、滅惡之大勿過懺重、報有三種、現報、生報、後報、阿鼻

行 事鈔‧通辨羯磨篇:「明了論疏翻為業也;所作是業。亦翻為所作。百論云,事也。若約義求,翻為辦事。謂施造遂法,必有成濟之功焉。」資持記釋云:「羯磨梵 言,或云劍暮,音之訛轉。注中,初引文示。了疏兩翻,大體無異。前則名作為業;後直指作,無復異名。業謂行心鼓動身口,假緣構造,則有勝功,能遂前事。疏 云,業謂成濟前務,必有達遂之功是也。百論云,事,亦業之異名,無非造作,即體為目。次義求中,此從昔義,疏中不取。彼云,自古至今翻為辦事者,非無此 義;但用功能往翻。謂下,釋義。疏出彼解,謂成辦生善滅惡之事。問:『此與百論何異?』答:『彼論直召能造,不從所辦。』問:『疏家所以不取者?』答: 『凡立名定體,從用則疏。如燈能照暗,燈不名照。水能滅火,水不名滅,但分體用,名亦無在。所以疏家旁通舊解。』」(事鈔記卷五‧二二‧一七)

羯磨疏‧立章懸判:「(一、翻名)(一﹑明正譯)所言羯磨者,中梵本音,此翻為業。業謂成濟前務,必有達遂之功。故明了論中,亦同翻業。現今譯經, 聲傳羯磨,必翻稱業。(二﹑出古翻)自古至今,有翻羯磨為辦事者,非無此義,但用功能往翻。然能事乃多,要唯有二。初謂生善事,如衣食受淨人法結解,並隨 行善而得生也。後謂滅惡事,如懺罪治擯滅諍設諫,名通善惡,理在除愆,皆由羯磨前務夷蕩,故受此名。又生善之極,勿過受體;由作法和,便發戒業;量同太 虛,共佛齊位也。滅惡之大,勿高懺重;若不洗過,生報便墮;由此羯磨拔之,能令九百二十一億,六十千歲阿鼻苦報,欻然清淨,豈非辦事?(三﹑示別號)諸部 亦稱為劍暮者,蓋取聲之不同也。(二、簡辨)(一﹑明存梵所以)然以業義通於道俗,謂此作法非局在僧。故存梵言,簡異通者,知羯磨事,非俗行故。(二﹑示 通古之意)但以唐梵翻譯,詳覈未通。師資傳授,習俗難改。乍聞為業,絕聽驚心。今依正翻,傍通舊解,想無昧也。」

濟緣記釋云:「翻名中,初科,初翻名。業謂下,釋義。成濟是能加,前務是所被。羯磨詞句,當體言音;身不乖儀;意無異想;三業構造,眾別等行,由之 成決,即名此法謂之為業。業以造作成事為義,如十善十惡,能成因感果,故並名業。此就能造作體為名;若論所發無作業性,如後廣明。故下,引證。了論,具如 後引。現今譯經,即指唐翻;祖師曾預譯場,故得其實。次科,初標古示名。百論但翻為事,相傳加字助之。事鈔猶存此翻。問:『前云成濟前務等,豈非辦事;今 古那分?』答:『前以業翻名,以功能釋義;今此直以功能翻名,於義頗疏,故所不取。講者皆云俗以士農工商為業,僧以羯磨為業。又訓業為捷,辦事捷速等。傳 謬久矣,識者宜改。』然下,依名釋義,文有兩段,前通約諸法釋。食即是藥,人謂差舉,法即說恣。夷,平也。又下,次別約二法釋。量同太虛,法體廣遍故。共 佛齊位,功德高深故。言生報者,凡報有三:一﹑現報,即今身受。二﹑生報,轉身即受。三﹑後報,後後身受。犯重歲數,出目連問罪報經。彼云,犯波羅夷罪, 如他化自在天壽十六千歲,墮泥黎中,於人間數,如文所引;彼經不定獄名,此準僧祇,云墮阿鼻。經音義云,阿鼻翻為無間:一﹑身無間充滿獄故。二﹑苦無間不 暫息故。學者多迷生善滅惡二事;請考此文,足為明據。……簡辨中,初文,初敘華言通濫。業義通者,如七支十善動不動等,不局道故。名義既通,必生疑濫,故 云謂此等也。故下,正出存梵所以。簡濫遮疑,又復生善故也。次科,初示翻譯之疏。師下,明相傳執舊。聞而不從,故云絕聽;異於常見,所以驚心。今下,顯兼 通。正翻為業;傍通辦事,臧否自分,故云無昧。」(業疏記卷一‧一七‧六)

事鈔記卷五‧二二‧一七; 業疏記卷一‧一七‧六

Source
南山律學辭典 - Nanshan Vinaya Dictionary
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