臨濟義玄 [py] Lin2jì Yìxuán [wg] Lin-chi I-hsüan [ko] 림제의현 Imje ŭihyŏn [ja] リンザイギゲン Rinzai Gigen ||| Linji Yixuan(d. 866-7) The ancestor of the so-called Linji school of Chan Buddhism. He was the student and dharma successor to the great master Huangbo xiyun 黄檗希運, and the teacher of Xinghua Congjiang. In the tradition of his dharma-grandfather Mazu Daoyi 馬祖道一, Linji made use of such famous soteriological methods as sudden shouts and blows with the staff. 

（？～867）臨濟宗之祖。唐代曹州（河南）南華人，俗姓邢。幼負出塵之志，及落髮受具足戒後，便慕禪宗，初到江西參黃蘗希運，又禮謁高安大愚、溈山靈祐等。後還黃蘗，受印可。宣宗大中八年（854），至河北鎮州住於臨濟院，設三玄三要、四料簡等機法接引徒眾，更以機鋒峭峻著名於世，別成一家，遂成臨濟宗。師接化學人，每以叱喝顯大機用，世有「德山棒、臨濟喝」之稱。其對參禪行者極為嚴苛，然學徒奔湊，門風興隆，為我國禪宗最盛行之一派。
咸通八年四月示寂，敕諡「慧照禪師」。其語要由門人慧然編成鎮州臨濟慧照禪師語錄一卷。嗣法者有興化存獎、三聖慧然、灌谿志閑等二十二人，皆為宣揚祖風之佼佼者。〔臨濟慧照禪師塔記、宋高僧傳卷十二、景德傳燈錄卷十二、傳法正宗記卷七〕