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sūrya

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Definition^[1]

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sū́rya m. the sun or its deity (in the Veda the name Sūrya is generally distinguished from Savitṛi q.v., and denotes the most concrete of the solar gods, whose connection with the luminary is always present to the poet's mind [Page 1243, Column 2]
• in Nir. vii, 5 he is regarded as one of the original Vedic triad, his place being in the sky, while that of Agni is on the earth, and that of Indra is in the atmosphere
• ten hymns in the RV. are entirely in praise of Sūrya, e. g. i, 50, i, 115 &c., also AV. xiii, 2
• he moves through the sky in a chariot drawn by seven ruddy horses or mares [see saptâśva, harit, harid-aśva]
• in the later mythology Sūrya is identified with Savitṛi as one of the 12 Ādityas or emblems of the Sun in the 12 months of the year, and his seven-horsed chariot is said to be driven by Aruṇa or the Dawn as its charioteer, who is represented without legs
• the Sun, whether named Sūrya or Vivasvat, has several wives, See sūryā below) RV. &c. &c. (cf. IW. 11 ; 16 &c. RTL. 341)
• a symbolical expression for the number 'twelve' (in allusion to the sun in the 12 signs of the zodiac) Jyot. Hcat
• the swallow-wort (either Calotropis or Asclepias Gigantea, = arka) L
• N. of the son of Bali L
• of a Dānava VahniP
• of an astronomer (= sūrya-dāsa) Cat
• epithet of Śiva MBh
• (ā́), f. the wife of Sūrya or the Sun (also called Saṃjñā, q.v.)
• the daughter of Sūrya or the Sun ( See RV. i, 116, 17
• also described as daughter of Prajāpati or of Savitṛi and wife of the Aśvins, and in other places as married to Soma
• in RV. i, 119, 2 she is called Ūrjānī, and in vi, 55, 4, vi, 58, 4 the sister of Pūshan q.v., who is described as loving her, and receiving her as a gift from the gods
• accord. to some she represents a weak manifestation of the Sun
• Sūryā Sāvitrī is regarded as the authoress of the Sūryā-sûkta RV. x, 85) RV. AV. AitBr. Kauś
• = vāc Naigh. i, 11
• = sūryā-sū7ktā (q.v.) ŚāṅkhGṛ
• a new bride
• a drug L
• the colocynth or bitter gourd L
• mfn. solar (perhaps wṛ. for saurya) Jyot. [For cognate words See under 2. svár.]