DICTIONARY

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Definition[1]

The three animals— hare, horse, elephant— crossing a stream. The śrāvaka is like the hare who crosses by swimming on the surface; the pratyeka-buddha is like the horse who crosses deeper than the hare; the bodhisattva is like the elephant who walks across on the bottom.

Source
A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms, William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous
Definition[2]

(譬喻)兔馬象也。三獸渡河,兔足在水上,以譬聲聞之悟道最淺。馬足在水中,以譬緣覺之悟道稍深。象足到水底,以譬菩薩之悟道最深。見思之煩惱有正體與習氣,聲聞但斷正體,緣覺兼侵習氣,菩薩正習俱盡。法性之空理,或譬生死為河水,譬三乘為三獸。三乘之人,雖證同一之法性,渡同一生死之流,然從其淺深而生如此之差別。天台以之為四教中通教之教理。涅槃經二十三曰:「譬如有河,第一香象不能得底,則名為大。聲聞緣覺至十住菩薩不見佛性,名為涅槃,非大涅槃。若能了了見於佛性,則得名為大涅槃也。是大涅槃唯象王能盡其底。大象王者,謂諸佛也。」同二十七曰:「二乘之人雖觀因緣,猶不得名為佛性。(中略)又未能渡十二因緣河猶如兔馬。何以故?不見佛性故。」優婆塞戒經一曰:「如恒河水,三獸俱渡,兔馬香象。兔不至底,浮水而過;馬或至底或不至底;象則盡底。恒河水者即是十二因緣河也,聲聞渡時猶如彼兔,緣覺渡時猶如彼馬,如來渡時猶如香象,是故如來得名為佛。聲聞緣覺雖斷煩惱,不斷習氣。如來能拔一切煩惱習氣根原,故名為佛。」止觀六曰:「涅槃名為三獸渡河,通教觀意。」同輔行曰:「三人如獸,真如水底。」

Source
丁福保《佛學大辭典》
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