禪  meditation, concentration, meditative concentration (dhyāna).

禪那的簡稱，華譯為靜慮，即靜息念慮的意思。

陳義孝編, 竺摩法師鑑定, 《佛學常見辭彙》

To level a place for an altar, to sacrifice to the hills and fountains; to abdicate. Adopted by Buddhists for dhyāna, 禪 or 禪那, i.e. meditation, abstraction, trance. dhyāna is 'meditation, thought, reflection, especially profound and abstract religious contemplation'. M.W. It was intp. as 'getting rid of evil', etc., later as 靜慮 quiet meditation. It is a form of 定, but that word is more closely allied with samādhi, cf. 禪定. The term also connotes Buddhism and Buddhist things in general, but has special application to the 禪宗 q.v. It is one of the six pāramitās, cf. 波. There are numerous methods and subjects of meditation. The eighteen brahmalokas are divided into four dhyāna regions 'corresponding to certain frames of mind where individuals might be reborn in strict accordance with their spiritual state'. The first three are the first dhyāna, the second three the second dhyāna, the third three the third dhyāna, and the remaining nine the fourth dhyāna. See Eitel. According to Childers' Pali Dictionary, 'The four jhānas are four stages of mystic meditation, whereby the believer's mind is purged from all earthly emotions, and detached as it were from his body, which remains plunged in a profound trance.' Seated cross-legged, the practiser 'concentrates his mind upon a single thought. Gradually his soul becomes filled with a supernatural ecstasy and serenity', his mind still reasoning: this is the first jhāna. Concentrating his mind on the same subject, he frees it from reasoning, the ecstasy and serenity remaining, which is the second jhāna. Then he divests himself of ecstasy, reaching the third stage of serenity. Lastly, in the fourth stage the mind becomes indifferent to all emotions, being exalted above them and purified. There are differences in the Mahāyāna methods, but similarity of aim.

A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms, William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous

see 禅.

佛教漢梵大辭典

P.2616-P.2622

 

 Chan  禪  Also called Zen; 【參照: Contemplation】and 【參照: Meditation】

漢英-英漢-英英佛學辭典字庫

 

禪 (chán) 　( “ dhyāna ” ) Cf.四禪(sì chán) ;

{《漢語大詞典》7.952ab(佛典)} ; {《大漢和辞典》8.498b(佛典)} ;

Dharmarakṣa: {84c3} 或有遊詣 在於山巖 其人便得 縁一覺乘 於彼修禪 清淨之行 是則名曰 爲中品藥(v)

{≠ K.129.12} madhya-

{O} dhyāna-

cf. Krsh.95~96

Kumārajīva: {L.20a25} 禪定

Dharmarakṣa: {116c5} 其人億劫行 常習于經行 志願上佛道 欲得諸通慧 具足定無極 一切禪寂然(v)

{K.335.9} dhyāna~?

Kumārajīva: {L.45a21} 一心

A Digital Edition of A Glossary of Dharmarakṣa translation of the Lotus Sutra by Seishi Karashima, 1998