DICTIONARY

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Definition[1]

我國古代民間傳說中之淫邪神名。謂能作祟於人。俗稱五聖。本為兄弟五人,唐末已有香火,廟號五通。唐代鄭愚之大溈虛祐師銘有「牛阿旁,鬼五通」之語。或謂明太祖定天下之初,夢陣亡兵卒請恤,太祖許以五人為伍,處處血食,命江南人家立尺五小廟,俗名五聖堂。清朝康熙(1662~1722)年間,江寧巡撫湯斌曾毀像撤祠,然亦未盡絕。〔留青日札、陔餘叢考卷三十五〕

Source
佛光電子大辭典
Page
p1154
Definition[2]

Spirits possessed of the five supernatural powers. They are also identified five bodhisattvas of the 雞頭摩: monastery in India, who, possessed of supernatural powers, went to the Western Paradise and begged the image of Maitreya, whence it is said to have been spread over India.

Source
A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms, William Edward Soothill and Lewis Hodous
Definition[3]

五通神===(神名)邪神也。龍城錄曰:「柳州舊有鬼,名五通。余始到,不之信。一日偶發篋易衣,盡為灰燼。乃為文醮訴於帝,帝懇我心,遂爾龍城絕妖邪之怪。」武林聞見錄曰:「嘉泰中大理寺決一囚,數日,見形獄吏云:泰和樓五通神虛位,某欲充之,求一差檄,言差充某神位,得此為據可矣。如其言,經數月,人聞樓上五通神日夜喧鬨。吏乃泄前事,為增塑一像,遂寂然。」按,今委巷荒墟多建矮屋,繪版作五神像祀之,謂之五聖。留青日札云:即五通神也。或謂明太祖定天下,封功臣,夢陣亡兵卒千萬請恤。太祖許以五人為伍,處處血食。命江南家立尺五小廟,俗稱為五聖堂。然則五聖與五通不同矣。陔餘叢考三十五曰:「鈕玉樵謂五通起於明祖,則未必然。按夷堅志,劉舉將赴解,禱於錢塘門外九里西五聖行祠,遂登科。為德興尉,到任奠五顯廟。知為五聖之祖祠也。則五聖之祠,宋已有之。七修類稿又謂五通神即五聖也。然則五聖五顯五通,名雖異而實則同。夷堅志所載,韓子師病祟,請客以符水治之。見五通神銷金黃袍,騎馬而去。(中略)如此之類,不一而足。而陳友諒僭號,亦在采石五通廟。則五聖者,宋元已有之。而非起於明祖矣。」

Source
丁福保《佛學大辭典》
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