十廻向 [py] shí huíxiàng [wg] shih hui-hsiang [ko] 십회향 sip hoehyang [ja] ジュウエコウ jū ekō ||| 'Ten dedications (of merit).' A group of ten of the fifty-two stages of the path of bodhisattvahood in Mahāyāna Buddhism. Returning the fruits of all of one's practice to all sentient beings. These ten are: 1. jiuhuzhongshenglizhongshengxiang 救護衆生離衆生相 'Dedication to saving all beings without any mental image of sentient beings.' The stage where one, whīe using the mind of no-aspects to save sentient beings, is still separated from the aspects of 'not-yet-saved beings.' 2. buhuai 不懷 - 'indestructible dedication.' The rank where one sees emptiness easily without analyzing all dharmas. 3. dengyiqiefo 等一 - 'Dedication equal to all Buddhas.' The stage where one continually broadly penetrates the teachings of all the Buddhas of the three worlds. 4.zhiyiqiechu 至一切處 - 'dedication reaching all places.' The stage where one enters all Buddha-lands and practices cultivation together with all Buddhas. 5.wujingongdemie 無盡功徳滅 - 'dedication of inexhaustible treasuries of merit.' The stage of teaching people the meritorious dharma of the ever-present buddha-nature without exhaustion. 6.suishunpingdengshangen 隨順平等善根 - 'Dedication causing all roots of goodness to endure.' The stage of practicing the virtues of the middle path of no-outflow, and seeing that good and evil are not two. 7.suishundengguanyiqiezhongsheng 隨順等觀一切衆生 - 'Dedication equally adapting to all sentient beings.' The stage where one sees that the good and evil actions of all sentient beings are not distinguished. 8.zhenruxiang 眞如相 - 'Dedication with the character of true thusness.' The stage where the bodhisattva, using the wisdom of the middle path, clarifies existence and non-existence, and sees that everything is the reality-realm. 9. Wufujietuo 無縛解脱 - 'unbound liberated dedication.' The stage where one breaks off attachment with the view of all dharmas being the same, which he experiences through the wisdom of prajñāpāramitā. 10. fajiewuliang 法界無量 - 'Boundless dedication equal to the cosmos.' The stage where the bodhisattva witnesses that all existences are the middle path without aspects.
菩薩修行五十二階位中,指從第三十一位至第四十位。迴向,乃以大悲心救護一切眾生之意。又作十迴向心,略稱十向。即:(一)救護一切眾生離眾生相迴向,即行六度四攝,救護一切眾生,怨親平等。(二)不壞迴向,於三寶所得不壞之信,迴向此善根,令眾生獲得善利。(三)等一切佛迴向,等同三世佛所作之迴向,不著生死,不離菩提而修之。(四)至一切處迴向,以由迴向力所修之善根,遍至一切三寶乃至眾生之處,以作供養利益。(五)無盡功德藏迴向,隨喜一切無盡善根,迴向而作佛事,以得無盡功德善根。(六)隨順平等善根迴向,即迴向所修之善根,為佛所守護,能成一切堅固善根。(七)隨順等觀一切眾生迴向,即增長一切善根,迴向利益一切眾生。(八)如相迴向,順真如相而將所成之善根迴向。(九)無縛無著解脫迴向,即於一切法無取執縛著,得解脫心,以善法迴向,行普賢之行,具一切種德。(十)法界無量迴向,即修習一切無盡善根,以此迴向,願求法界差別無量之功德。十迴向攝於十三住中之解行住,五位中之資糧位,正當於地前三賢中之後十位,六種性中之道種性。〔舊華嚴經卷十五至卷二十二、菩薩瓔珞本業經卷上聖賢名字品、法華經玄義卷五上〕p455
2. 菩薩五十二位修行中,第四個十位名十迴向,因以大悲心,救護一切眾生,故名為迴向。前之住行,出俗心多,大悲心少,此則濟以悲願,處俗利生,迴此善行,向彼萬類。一、化度眾生,離眾生相,迴無為心,向涅槃道,名救護一切眾生,離眾生相迴向。二、正顯中道,歸趣本覺,迴入法身,無能壞者,名不壞迴向。三、本覺之理,湛然常住,能覺之智,齊於諸佛,名等一切佛迴向。四、覺智周圓,無所不遍,名至一切處迴向。五、一切世界,過恒沙佛,自性功德,重重無盡,名無盡功德藏迴向。六、於諸佛地,起萬行因,依因趣果,取涅槃道,名隨順平等善根迴向。七、十方眾生,皆我性具,本際平等,無有高下,名隨順等觀一切眾生迴向。八、即一切法,離一切相,緣生無性,體即真如,名真如相迴向。九、諸法本空,心無縛著,於根塵中,得大解脫,名無縛無著解脫迴向。十、性海圓成,心等法界,含攝周遍,量等虛空,名等法界無量迴向。
(名數)以大悲心救護一切眾生。謂之迴向:一救護一切眾生離眾生相迴向,二不壞迴向,三等一切物迴向,四至一切處迴向,五無盡功德藏迴向,六隨順平等善根迴向,七隨順等觀一切眾生迴向,八真如相迴向,九無縛解脫迴向,十法界無量迴向。見楞嚴經。
迴即迴轉,向即趣向。謂起大悲之心,救度眾生,回轉十行之善,向於三處:一、真如實際是所證,二、無上菩提是所求,三、一切眾生是所度。以能迴之心,及所迴善行,向彼萬類,圓滿梵行,等入法界也。(梵語菩提,華言道。)##〔一、救一切眾生,離眾生相迴向〕,謂由前修十行,神通滿足,成就諸佛所行事已,又當修此迴向之行;然迴向之行,以悲願之心為最,化度眾生,而無能度之相。迴此無為之心,趣向寂滅之地。經云:當度眾生,滅除度相;迴無為心,向涅槃路,名救一切眾生,離眾生相迴向。(梵語涅槃,華言滅度。)##〔二、不壞迴向〕,謂前離眾生相,則是可壞;今復壞前可壞,離於能離,則是不壞。壞即空;不壞即假。空假不二,正顯中道,而歸趣於本覺矣。經云:壞其可壞,遠離諸離,名不壞迴向。(一念無相謂之空,無法不具謂之假,不一不異謂之中。本覺者,謂一切眾生所具真如之性,本來是覺也。)##〔三、等一切佛迴向〕,謂所向本覺之性,湛然常住,而能覺之智,齊於佛覺。經云:本覺湛然,覺齊佛覺,名等一切佛迴向。##〔四、至一切處迴向〕,謂前能覺之智,無處不遍;既齊佛覺,則所證真如之理地,如佛不異。經云:精真發明,地如佛地,名至一切處迴向。##〔五、無盡功德藏迴向〕,謂前至一切處是世界,等一切佛是如來;然如來則一切世界之如來,世界即一切如來之世界;世界、如來,涉入無礙,功德無盡。經云:世界、如來,互相涉入,得無罣礙,名無盡功德藏迴向。##〔六、隨順平等善根迴向〕,謂於諸佛理地,起萬行真因,顯證一乘寂滅之道。行從理起,故曰隨順平等;能生道果,故曰善根。經云:於同佛地,地中各各生清淨因,依因發輝,取涅槃道,名隨順平等善根迴向。##〔七、隨順等觀一切眾生迴向〕,謂既修真因,善根成就,則知十方眾生,皆我本性;性既平等,故能成就一切眾生善根,無有遺失,亦無高下。經云:真根既成,十方眾生皆我本性,性圓成就,不失眾生,名隨順等觀一切眾生迴向。##〔八、真如相迴向〕,離妄曰真,不異曰如。謂一切法,性本真如,不即不離,二俱無著,則真如相現。經云:即一切法,離一切相,惟即與離,二無所著,名真如相迴向。##〔九、無縛解脫迴向〕,謂真如之相現前,則智慧明了,十界依正等法,互攝圓融,自在無礙。經云:真得所如,十方無礙,名無縛解脫迴向。(十界者,佛界、菩薩界、緣覺界、聲聞界、天界、人界、脩羅界、餓鬼界、畜生界、地獄界也。依正者,依即所依之國土,正即十界能依之色身也。)##〔十、法界無量迴向〕,謂所證性德真如之理,圓滿成就,含攝遍周,其量無外,十界差別之相,了不可得。經云:性德圓成,法界量滅,名法界無量迴向。