The four groups of Buddhist disciples: monks 比丘, nuns 比丘尼, laymen 優婆塞 and laywomen 優婆夷 (catur-parṣad).
The four grades: (1) bhiksu, bhiksunī, upāsaka, upāsikā, i. e. monks, nuns, male and female disciples, v. 四衆; (2) men, devas, nāgas, and ghosts 鬼.
四輩===﹝出翻譯名義﹞
〔一、比丘〕,梵語比丘,華言乞士。乞是乞求之名,士是清雅之稱。謂出家之人,上乞法以資慧命,下乞食以資色身,故名乞士。
〔二、比丘尼〕,梵語尼,華言女。佛初不度女人出家,成道之後,因姨母摩訶波闍波提懇求出家,佛乃度之,故名比丘尼。(梵語摩訶波闍波提,華言大愛道。)
〔三、優婆塞〕,梵語優婆塞,華言清淨士。謂雖在家,能持五戒,清淨自守;又云近事男,謂能持戒,可親近承事諸佛法,故名優婆塞。(五戒者,不殺、不盜、不邪婬、不妄語、不飲酒也。)
〔四、優婆夷〕,梵語優婆夷,華言清淨女,謂雖在家,亦能堅持五戒,清淨自守,故名優婆夷。
四輩===(雜語)比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷之四眾也。又,人、天、龍、鬼之四眾也。藥師經曰:「四眾:苾芻、苾芻尼、鄔波素迦、鄔波斯迦。」盂蘭盆經曰:「時目連比丘四輩弟子歡喜奉行。」同圭峰疏曰:「四輩者,僧尼士女,或云人天龍鬼。」【參見: 四眾】
四輩 (sì bèi) ( “the four groups of Buddhists, i.e. monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen” ) Cf. 四輩弟子(sì bèi dì zǐ), 四部(sì bù), 四部弟子(sì bù dì zǐ), 四部之會(sì bù zhī huì), 四部之衆(sì bù zhī zhòng), 四部衆(sì bù zhòng), 四部衆會(sì bù zhòng huì) ;
{《漢語大詞典》3.598a(百喩經)} ; {《大漢和辞典》3.35d(盂蘭盆經)} ;
Dharmarakṣa: {64a14}
{K.9.1} parṣā~[O.pariṣā~] catur~
Kumārajīva: {L.2c13} 四部衆
Dharmarakṣa: {81b4} 然今最後,普令四輩比丘、比丘尼、清信士、清信女、天上、世間一切人民顯示本宜(p)
{K.110.10-}
Kumārajīva: {not found at L.17c9}
Dharmarakṣa: {92a20} 今我班宣四輩(p)
{≠ K.184.3} vo bhikṣavaḥ
Kumārajīva: {L.25b23} 諸比丘…汝
Dharmarakṣa: {102a2}
{K.234.12} catur~ parṣad~
Kumārajīva: {L.31c28} 四衆
Dharmarakṣa: {110b8}
{K.295.8} do.
Kumārajīva: {L.39c13} do.
Dharmarakṣa: {123a12}
{K.379.3} bhikṣu-bhikṣuṇy-upāsakôpāsikā~
Kumārajīva: {L.51a2} 比丘、比丘尼、優婆塞、優婆夷
Dharmarakṣa: {131a15}
{K.458.5-}
Kumārajīva: {not found at L.59c12}